4.2. Qochish ketma -ketligi (Escape sequences)

C ++ da alohida ma'noga ega bo'lgan ba'zi belgilar mavjud. Bu belgilar qochish ketma -ketligi deb ataladi. Qochish ketma -ketligi "\" (teskari chiziq) belgisidan, so'ngra keyingi harf yoki raqamdan boshlanadi.

Siz allaqachon eng keng tarqalgan qochish ketma -ketligini ko'rdingiz: " n", uni matn qatoriga yangi qatorni kiritish uchun ishlatish mumkin:

#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
    std::cout << "Birinchi qator\nIkkinchi qator\n";
    return 0;
}

Natija:

Birinchi qator
Ikkinchi qator

Boshqa tez -tez ishlatiladigan qochish ketma -ketligi "\t" bo'lib, u gorizontal yorliqni joylashtiradi:

#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
    std::cout << "Birinchi qism\tIkkinchi qism\n";
    return 0;
}

Natija:

Birinchi qism      Ikkinchi qism

Qochish ketma -ketligi jadvali:

Name	Symbol	Meaning
Alert	\a	Ogohlantirish beradi, masalan, ovozli signal
Backspace	\b	Kursorni bir bo'shliq orqaga suradi
Formfeed	\f	Kursorni keyingi mantiqiy sahifaga o'tkazadi
Newline	\n	Kursorni keyingi qatorga o'tkazadi
Carriage return	\r	Moves cursor to beginning of line
Horizontal tab	\t	Prints a horizontal tab
Vertical tab	\v	Prints a vertical tab
Single quote	\’	Prints a single quote
Double quote	\”	Prints a double quote
Backslash	\\	Prints a backslash.
Question mark	\?	Prints a question mark. No longer relevant. You can use question marks unescaped.
Octal number	\(number)	Translates into char represented by octal
Hex number	\x(number)	Translates into char represented by hex number

#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
    std::cout << "\"Bu iqtibos qilingan matn\"\n";
    std::cout << "Bu satrda bitta teskari chiziq mavjud \\\n";
    std::cout << "6F in hex is char '\x6F'\n";
    return 0;
}

Natija:

"Bu iqtibos qilingan matn"
Bu satrda bitta teskari chiziq mavjud \
6F in hex is char 'o'